Упражнение 2. Прочитайте слова, обращая внимание на чтение гласных во втором положении: drum, up, us, not, club, summer, winter, but, spring, job, bottom, festival, job, his, sit, industry, letter, talent, modern, classical, butter, battle, carry, lost, absent, well, gift, little, history, net, romantic, subject.
Упражнение 3. Прочитайте слова, обращая внимание на чтение гласных в третьем и четвертом типе ударного слога: card, star, term, verb, sport, lord, large, first, harp, circle, force, sir, wire, more, turn, orchestra, here, fire, сompare, carefully, hare, hair, dear, bird, horn, hire, her, your, perform, burger, further, course.
- Таблица чтения буквосочетаний гласных
|
Буквосочетание |
Звук |
Пример |
|
ee |
[i:] |
bee meet feet |
|
ea |
[i:] |
tea meat sea |
|
oo |
[u:] [u](перед k) [Λ] |
moon too spoon book took cook blood flood |
|
ou |
[au] |
out proud count |
|
ow |
[au] [əu] |
how town down own snow low |
|
oi / oy |
[כi] |
soil boy toy oil |
- Прослушайте, повторите. Напишите предложения в транскрипции.
oo [u] Look, here is a book. We can cook.
oo [u:] There is a pool near our school.
ee [i:] I see a bee in a tree.
ea [i:] I like tea and meat. I eat meat.
- Таблица чтения согласных
|
Буква |
Звук |
Пример |
|
c |
[s] (перед e, i, y) [k] (в остальных случаях) |
сity center cycle scene cat tropic clean screen |
|
s |
[s] (на конце слова после глухих согласных) [z] (после гласных и звонких согласных, между гласн.) [iz] (после шипящих) |
test paste stand still pose rose days meals matches brushes stages |
|
g |
[dʒ] (перед e, i, y) [g] |
page Egypt origin (give, get) gas gold grab game grace |
|
x |
[gz] (между гласными) [ks] |
exist exam exit exhibit taxi box fox exhibition |
Упражнение 4. Прочитайте слова, обращая внимание на чтение согласных c, g, s, x, напишите в транскрипции по четыре слова с ними:
a) face, case, cell, web-cite, club, ceiling, cut, ice, can, nice, сynical, picnic, pencil,
place, cold, close, fact, space, ceremony;
б) age, guest, gun, gin, gym, general, gypsy, genius, tragedy, struggle, gentle,
great, stage, egg, geology, elegant, gallery;
в) sky, person, rose, loss, solve, fuse, cast, so, please, beds, wise, see, cups, nose,
sale, stay, apples, science, since, personality;
г) six, X-ray, exist, except, expert, expose, excite, fix, exact, exercise,
examination, exam, excellent, xerox, example.
- Таблица чтения буквосочетаний согласных
|
Буквосочетание |
Звук |
Пример |
|
ck |
[k] |
back black stick clock lucky |
|
ch |
[t∫] [∫] [k] |
chess much such champion machine douche technique technology ache |
|
tch |
[t∫] |
match catch |
|
sh |
[∫] |
she ship brush |
|
th |
[ð] [θ] |
this that with thin thick tenth |
|
ng |
[ŋ](перед гласной и n,l, r) |
song bring long wrong angry language England |
|
nk |
[ŋk] |
thank think drink pink |
|
wh |
[w] [h] |
when white where why who whose whole whom |
|
wr |
[r] |
write wrong wrath wry |
|
kn |
[n] |
know knife knock |
|
ph |
[f] |
phone photo phrase |
|
ps |
[s] |
psychology psychiatry (в словах греческого происх.) |
|
pn |
[n] |
pneumatic |
Упражнение 5. Пользуясь таблицей, прочитайте слова:
symphony, toothache, geography, queen, guest, quiz, character, orchestra, architect, boring, biography, ring, sphere, hungry, strong, evening, wrinkle, wriggle, wrap, whether, bank, nymph, xylophone, psychic, phonetics, change,
knowledge, finger.
- Таблица чтения сочетаний гласных и согласных
|
Букво сочетание |
Звук |
Пример |
Букво сочетание |
Звук |
Пример |
|
o+ld |
[əu] |
cold gold |
a+группа согласных |
[:] |
Half past plant |
|
i+ld |
[ai] |
wild child |
a+ll |
[כ:] |
All ball Wall |
|
i+nd |
[ai] |
kind find |
al+k |
[כ:] |
Talk walk chalk |
|
igh |
[ai] |
high night |
w+a |
[כ] |
Want was watch |
Упражнение 6. Прочитайте слова, обращая внимание на сочетания гласных и согласных:
town, how, proud, boys, fast, last, grow, now, oil, brown, show, pass, half, low, took, point, tooth, waste, down, world, look, yellow, cause, war, word, lady, family, fellow, saw, right, knew, sound, sight, wind, knight.
Упражнение 7. Расположите слова в соответствии с правилами чтения:
sort, type, finger, care, tire, murder, cure, first, lie, far, bored, bird, mere, fire, birth, got, her, during, middle, performance, agent, lady, paper, drum, horn, harp, bugle, shy, whole, shelter, cheek, match, father, mother, morning, restore, more, free.
|
І положение |
ІІ положение |
ІІІ положение |
ІV положение |
|
made |
bill |
person |
shore |
Упражнение 8. Напишите в транскрипции слова:
а) где гласная или сочетание гласных читается как [כ:]: autumn, told, caught, war, cause, word, born, saw, bottle, for, water, pause, fall, talk, call, border, sole, portrait, corn, daughter, work, nod, hall, warn, war, what.
б) где гласная или сочетание гласных и согласных читается как [a:]: path, father, bag, lamp, sun, plant, glass, art, but, classroom, come, our, last, half, chalk, pass, staff, latter, part, chance, artist, star, master, fine, card.
Буква u в середине слова перед а, е, i как правило, не читается: guide [`gaid], vogue[`vəug], build [bild].
Непроизносимые («немые») согласные
|
Согласная |
В каких случаях не произносится |
Примеры |
Исключения |
|
b |
bt, mb |
doubt, limb, comb |
|
|
g |
gn, gm |
sign, paradigm |
|
|
gh |
gh, igh |
though, high, right, through |
laugh [l:f] enough[inΛf] |
|
p |
pn, pt |
pneumonia, receipt |
|
|
l |
lf alk lm в глаголах |
half, calf chalk, walk, talk calm, palm, balm could, should, would |
gulf [gΛlf] |
|
n |
mn |
autumn, damn, hymn |
|
|
s |
sl |
aisle, island |
|
|
t |
ft, st |
often, listen, whistle |