3. В подобного рода заданиях от вас не требуется высказывания своего мнения, таким образом нельзя употреблять слова «я думаю», «мне кажется». Также не стоит оценивать информацию, плохо это или хорошо с вашей точки зрения, не нужно объяснять возможные причины роста или падения, это лишнее. Используйте более официальный стиль.
4. Не отвлекайтесь на детали, не уходите в описание подробностей. Нельзя разрозненно говорить о данных графика, диаграммы, то есть, терять главную мысль. Не описывайте каждый пункт на графике отдельно (например, какие данные были в каждом году), а делайте обобщения, отмечайте тенденции, взлеты/падения и т. д.
5. Подбирайте синонимы к словам, не используйте одинаковые грамматические конструкции.
Лексика, используемая при описании графиков, таблиц и диаграмм:
the table shows changes in
the table gives information about
the bar chart compares
the graph illustrates
the chart shows data about
the figure shows how smth is produced
as can be seen from the graph
it can be seen from the graph that
the graph shows
it can be concluded from the graph that
from the figures it can be inferred that, from the statistics it can be inferred that
the graph illustrates
it is noticeable that
we can see that
it is clear that
overall
it is clear from the … that
to rise, to increase, to grow, to climb, to boom, to peak (to reach / hit a peak), to rocket, to surge, to go upto fall, to drop, to decrease, to reduce, to decline, to dip, to plummet, to plunge, to go down, to reach the lowest point, to hit the bottom
not to change, to remain stable, to remain steady, to stay constant, to stand steady, to maintain the same level, to remain unchanged, to plateau
to level out
to fluctuate, to oscillate, to be volatile
ВАЖНО: ОПИСАНИЕ ГРАФИКА НЕ ДОЛЖНО ВКЛЮЧАТЬ БОЛЕЕ 100 СЛОВ
Пример описания графика:
Over the past fifty years, there has been significant variation in the percentage of young people in the UK who choose to eat a vegetarian diet.
In 1960, only a small percentage of adolescents (about 1 percent) were vegetarian. There was then a steep increase until 1978, when over 15 per cent were following a vegetarian diet. Thereafter, the percentage fell steadily until 1990 and then fluctuated for a decade. It reached a low point of just 4 per cent in 1996. It has risen gradually since 2000 and is expected to continue to do so over the next few years. After reaching a high point in around 2015, it is projected to decline again and possibly level off by the decade’s end.
Overall, the graph shows two main periods of interest in vegetarianism among young people in the UK : one peaking around 1978 and the second projected to peak approximately forty years later, in 2015.
Задание 1
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THE BUSINESS PARTNERSHIP
When a proprietor wants to expand a business, one way to do so is to form a partnership, a business formed for profit by two or more co_owners. The rights and duties of a partnership are regulated by laws of the state where it is formed and by legal agreement entered into by the co-owners. Usually an agreement specifies the amount of money each is investing and the duties each partner assumes. A partnership agreement also may provide for a “silent partner” who does not take part in the management, but who invests money in the business.
The partnership has the advantage of pooling managerial talent. One partner may be qualified in production, another in marketing. The partnership, like individual ownership, is exempt from most of the reporting that the government requires of corporations. Furthermore, it has a favorable tax position when compared with the corporation. Federal taxes are paid by individual partners on their share of earnings; be yond that the business is not taxed.
A major disadvantage of the partnership is that each member is liable for all the debts of the partnership; the act of any partner is legally binding upon all the others. If one partner takes a large amount of money from the business and squanders it, the others must pay the debt.
Partnerships suffer another major disadvantage: decision making is shared. If partners have serious and constant disagreements, the business is bound to suffer. Nonetheless, the partnership remains a vital part of the overall busi ness economy. The Internal Revenue Service reported that between 1970 and 1982 there were approximately half as many business partnerships as corporations.
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